{
  "format": "india-by-the-numbers.series.v1",
  "id": "world/external-positions",
  "name": "US Treasury holdings and forward-dollar positions",
  "hub": "World",
  "topic": "Reserves and external positions",
  "moduleIds": [
    "external-positions"
  ],
  "url": "https://data.indiadispatch.com/world/us-treasuries-and-forwards",
  "period": "July 2026",
  "periodKey": "2026-07",
  "latest": {
    "formattedValue": "$203 billion",
    "usd": 202600000000
  },
  "source": {
    "name": "US Department of the Treasury and Reserve Bank of India",
    "url": "https://home.treasury.gov/data/treasury-international-capital-tic-system"
  },
  "numericValue": 202600000000,
  "unit": "USD",
  "measure": "usd_billion",
  "cadence": "Monthly",
  "version": "842e23ccd563dc2a4decd7ec54b9d4893e72e9bed336e21c808f98341ff99bd0",
  "dateModified": "2026-10-05T05:33:24.257Z",
  "coverage": "2012-01/2026-07",
  "notes": [
    "The table retains the source’s published periods. Missing observations are not zero and have not been interpolated.",
    "Month-end US Treasury securities attributed to India. The source is based largely on custodians, so country attribution is not a precise measure of beneficial ownership."
  ],
  "license": {
    "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "scope": "India Dispatch's original compiled tables and editorial text"
  },
  "sourceRights": "Underlying source publishers retain their own rights. This license does not grant rights to publisher documents, branding or other third-party material.",
  "attribution": "India by the numbers, US Treasury holdings and forward-dollar positions, July 2026, https://data.indiadispatch.com/world/us-treasuries-and-forwards. Source: US Department of the Treasury and Reserve Bank of India.",
  "valueRepresentation": "Table cells are the publication's formatted observations, with units retained. Missing observations are not zero. Numeric latest amounts, where present, are separately labelled INR and USD.",
  "tables": [
    {
      "title": "US Treasury holdings attributed to India",
      "temporalCoverage": "2012-01/2026-07",
      "columns": [
        "Period",
        "Usd billion"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "2012-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2012",
            "$42.8 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2012",
            "$44.1 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2012",
            "$46.7 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2012",
            "$49.3 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2012",
            "$50 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2012",
            "$53.8 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2012",
            "$59.3 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2012",
            "$60.6 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2012",
            "$59.7 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2012",
            "$59.6 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2012",
            "$58.8 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2012-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2012",
            "$59.5 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2013",
            "$58.5 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2013",
            "$56.8 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2013",
            "$55 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2013",
            "$55.8 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2013",
            "$59.9 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2013",
            "$61.2 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2013",
            "$58.9 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2013",
            "$57 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2013",
            "$56.8 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2013",
            "$59.9 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2013",
            "$63.9 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2013-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2013",
            "$68.5 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2014",
            "$68.1 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2014",
            "$67 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2014",
            "$70.2 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2014",
            "$68.7 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2014",
            "$70.1 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2014",
            "$72.9 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2014",
            "$79.7 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2014",
            "$80.4 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2014",
            "$80 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2014",
            "$77.5 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2014",
            "$80.5 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2014-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2014",
            "$83 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2015",
            "$91.2 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2015",
            "$102 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2015",
            "$108 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2015",
            "$110 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2015",
            "$114 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2015",
            "$117 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2015",
            "$116 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2015",
            "$116 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2015",
            "$114 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2015",
            "$117 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2015",
            "$115 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2015-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2015",
            "$117 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2016",
            "$120 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2016",
            "$119 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2016",
            "$119 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2016",
            "$122 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2016",
            "$118 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2016",
            "$117 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2016",
            "$124 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2016",
            "$123 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2016",
            "$123 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2016",
            "$123 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2016",
            "$119 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2016-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2016",
            "$118 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2017",
            "$114 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2017",
            "$112 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2017",
            "$117 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2017",
            "$124 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2017",
            "$127 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2017",
            "$130 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2017",
            "$136 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2017",
            "$139 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2017",
            "$145 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2017",
            "$141 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2017",
            "$141 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2017-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2017",
            "$145 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2018",
            "$149 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2018",
            "$153 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2018",
            "$157 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2018",
            "$153 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2018",
            "$149 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2018",
            "$147 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2018",
            "$143 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2018",
            "$141 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2018",
            "$144 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2018",
            "$138 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2018",
            "$139 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2018-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2018",
            "$141 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2019",
            "$145 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2019",
            "$144 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2019",
            "$152 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2019",
            "$155 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2019",
            "$157 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2019",
            "$163 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2019",
            "$160 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2019",
            "$162 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2019",
            "$161 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2019",
            "$161 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2019",
            "$159 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2019-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2019",
            "$162 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2020",
            "$164 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2020",
            "$178 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2020",
            "$157 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2020",
            "$157 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2020",
            "$170 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2020",
            "$183 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2020",
            "$195 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2020",
            "$197 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2020",
            "$214 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2020",
            "$222 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2020",
            "$220 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2020-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2020",
            "$216 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2021",
            "$212 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2021",
            "$204 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2021",
            "$200 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2021",
            "$209 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2021",
            "$216 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2021",
            "$220 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2021",
            "$219 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2021",
            "$217 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2021",
            "$218 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2021",
            "$211 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2021",
            "$205 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2021-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2021",
            "$199 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2022",
            "$199 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2022",
            "$200 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2022",
            "$200 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2022",
            "$199 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2022",
            "$204 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2022",
            "$209 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2022",
            "$212 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2022",
            "$221 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2022",
            "$213 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2022",
            "$213 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2022",
            "$219 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2022-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2022",
            "$224 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2023",
            "$232 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2023",
            "$231 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2023",
            "$238 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2023",
            "$239 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2023",
            "$238 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2023",
            "$235 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2023",
            "$233 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2023",
            "$233 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2023",
            "$229 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2023",
            "$222 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2023",
            "$225 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2023-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2023",
            "$234 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2024",
            "$236 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2024",
            "$235 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2024",
            "$241 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2024",
            "$234 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2024",
            "$238 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2024",
            "$242 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2024",
            "$239 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2024",
            "$246 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2024",
            "$247 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2024",
            "$241 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2024",
            "$234 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2024-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2024",
            "$219 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2025",
            "$226 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2025",
            "$228 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2025",
            "$240 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2025",
            "$233 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2025",
            "$235 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2025",
            "$227 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2025",
            "$220 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-08",
          "cells": [
            "August 2025",
            "$219 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-09",
          "cells": [
            "September 2025",
            "$203 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-10",
          "cells": [
            "October 2025",
            "$190 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-11",
          "cells": [
            "November 2025",
            "$187 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2025-12",
          "cells": [
            "December 2025",
            "$183 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2026-01",
          "cells": [
            "January 2026",
            "$190 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2026-02",
          "cells": [
            "February 2026",
            "$191 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2026-03",
          "cells": [
            "March 2026",
            "$183 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2026-04",
          "cells": [
            "April 2026",
            "$181 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2026-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2026",
            "$181 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2026-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2026",
            "$186 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2026-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2026",
            "$203 billion"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "RBI forward-dollar positions",
      "temporalCoverage": "2026-04/2026-07",
      "columns": [
        "Period",
        "Purchases",
        "Sales",
        "Net purchase",
        "Outstanding net forward"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "id": "2026-04",
          "cells": [
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            "$16.2 billion",
            "$25.2 billion",
            "−$8.94 billion",
            "−$95.3 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2026-05",
          "cells": [
            "May 2026",
            "$22.2 billion",
            "$28.3 billion",
            "−$6.1 billion",
            "−$107 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2026-06",
          "cells": [
            "June 2026",
            "$30.9 billion",
            "$30.3 billion",
            "$561 million",
            "−$103 billion"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "2026-07",
          "cells": [
            "July 2026",
            "$38.4 billion",
            "$19.8 billion",
            "$18.7 billion",
            "−$137 billion"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
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