About the data
Published observations retain their source definitions and dates. The site includes official releases and primary public reports from named private providers.
Notation
Figures retain their source units
Primary figures use million, billion and trillion. Search answers also explain the same rupee amount in Indian counting units: one lakh is 100,000, one crore is 10 million and one lakh crore is one trillion. Compact chart labels use uppercase M, B and K.
Indian rupees remain primary when the source is in rupees. A US dollar equivalent appears alongside meaningful monetary values using the site’s dated reference rate.
Display conversions use ECB reference via Frankfurter: $1 = ₹93.69 on 11 November 2026. Historical observations use this same dated reference, not historical exchange rates. The separately published FBIL benchmark is not the conversion reference.
FBIL’s daily USD/INR benchmark is displayed as its own published observation. It is not substituted into these display conversions. Source-reported currency pairs retain both reported amounts.
Dates
Every reading carries its observation period
India’s financial year runs from April to March. The label 2024-25 therefore means 1 April 2024 through 31 March 2025.
Academic-year data keep the source’s own label and coverage. Monthly, quarterly and annual releases do not share a common as-of date, so every module carries the period it actually measures.
The site advances a series only when a newer complete release passes its checks. A delayed source does not become zero and is not silently replaced.
If a newer reading cannot be verified, the last validated reading retains its original period. A missing month is not zero. Financial-year-to-date totals are not counts for the latest month alone.
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Search-demand counts are aggregated by day using reviewed public-topic words. Unknown or sensitive-looking phrases are not retained. These search counts contain no IP addresses, cookies, user agents or other identifiers, and do not store individual query events. The private weekly summary helps identify data readers want to find.
Glossary
The glossary defines terms used on the site
Each page also defines a term on first use, because readers often arrive directly from search or social links.
- UPI
- The Unified Payments Interface, India’s shared network for instant payments between bank accounts.
- SIP
- A systematic investment plan, usually a standing monthly contribution into a mutual fund.
- SIP stoppage
- A recurring mutual-fund instruction that was discontinued or completed its agreed term. A stoppage does not necessarily mean an investor withdrew the money already invested.
- Demat account
- An account that holds shares and other securities electronically. One investor can hold more than one account.
- MCC
- A merchant category code, the four-digit code used to group merchants by their main business. It classifies the merchant, not every item bought.
- GST
- Goods and services tax, India’s tax on supplies of goods and services. Gross collections are measured before refunds. Net collections deduct refunds.
- EPFO
- The Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation, which administers the statutory provident fund for covered employees and publishes payroll additions and exits.
- MGNREGA
- The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, which guarantees eligible rural households access to public work.
- PM-Kisan
- A central government income transfer paid to eligible landholding farming households in three instalments a year.
- LRS
- The Liberalised Remittance Scheme, which lets resident individuals send up to $250,000 abroad in a financial year for permitted transactions.
- FAR
- The Fully Accessible Route, the set of central government bonds foreign investors may buy without aggregate investment limits.
- NPS
- The National Pension System, India’s government-regulated defined-contribution retirement system.
- FASTag
- The windshield radio tag used to pay highway tolls electronically.
- E-way bill
- A digital permit normally required to move goods with a consignment value above ₹50,000 ($534), subject to the applicable goods and services tax rules.
- Consumer-price inflation
- The percentage change in a consumer price index, which measures the price of a basket of household goods and services. The year-on-year rate compares the same month in successive years.
- Index of Industrial Production
- India’s monthly measure of industrial output. The current series uses 2022-23 equal to 100 and is not spliced to older-base index levels.
- Wholesale Price Index
- An index of prices received at the wholesale stage. The current all-commodities series uses 2022-23 equal to 100.
- Advance estimate
- An official crop-production estimate published before all final information is available. Later estimates can revise the same agricultural year.
- Oil import dependency
- The Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell’s published measure of how much crude-oil consumption is met through imports.
- Greenfield investment announcement
- The stated capital expenditure of a newly announced project. It measures investment intentions and is not the same as realised foreign direct investment.
- Treasury country attribution
- The US Treasury’s assignment of securities to a country, based largely on the location of custodians. It does not precisely identify every ultimate owner.
- GDP
- Gross domestic product, the value of goods and services produced within the economy. Constant-price GDP measures output using a fixed price base. Current-price GDP includes price changes.
- GVA
- Gross value added, the value of output less the goods and services used to produce it. GDP adds product taxes and subtracts product subsidies from GVA.
- PFCE
- Private final consumption expenditure, the national-accounts measure of final spending by households and non-profit institutions serving households.
- GFCF
- Gross fixed capital formation, spending on new fixed assets and improvements to existing assets. It is distinct from purchases of financial investments.
- PLFS
- The Periodic Labour Force Survey, MoSPI’s survey of employment, unemployment and participation in work. Monthly, quarterly and annual releases have separately labelled periods.
- FPI
- Foreign portfolio investment, purchases of securities such as shares and bonds by overseas investors. Net flows subtract their sales from their purchases.
- FII
- Foreign institutional investor, a name often used when discussing foreign portfolio investors. The source’s investor category and period remain authoritative.
- ETF
- An exchange-traded fund, a fund whose units trade on an exchange. A fund folio is an account, not necessarily a unique investor.
- NBFC
- A non-banking financial company, a financial firm that provides credit or other financial services without being a bank.
- WALR
- Weighted average lending rate, an average of bank lending rates weighted by the relevant loan amounts. Fresh-loan and outstanding-loan rates are different measures.
- WADTDR
- Weighted average domestic term-deposit rate, an average of rates on domestic term deposits weighted by deposit amounts. Fresh and outstanding deposit rates are separate measures.
- MCLR
- Marginal cost of funds based lending rate, a bank’s published lending benchmark. It is not the same as every borrower’s actual loan rate.
- Repo rate
- The Reserve Bank of India’s policy rate for lending to banks against eligible securities. It is a policy rate, not a consumer loan rate.
- BoP
- Balance of payments, the accounts of transactions between residents and the rest of the world. Goods, services, income and financial flows are separately classified.
- G-Sec
- A government security. A quoted government-bond yield is the return implied by its price and the publisher’s quoting convention, not the bond’s coupon rate.
- IPO
- An initial public offering, a company’s first public sale of shares. Main-board and smaller-company offerings are separately classified in the source.
- CAGR
- Compound annual growth rate, the constant annual rate that would connect a starting value with an ending value over the stated number of years.
- AUM
- Assets under management, the value of investments managed by a fund or institution at the stated date. Assets are a stock, not a monthly inflow.
- HHI
- The Herfindahl–Hirschman index, a measure of concentration formed by adding squared shares. Its scale depends on whether shares are expressed as fractions or percentages.
- Lakh
- The Indian counting unit equal to 100,000. The site’s primary figures use million, billion and trillion so readers can compare them internationally.
- Crore
- The Indian counting unit equal to 10 million. One lakh crore is one trillion. A crore figure is an alternative notation for the same amount, not an additional value.